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Chester: A Time-Travelling City
It is said that Chester is the richest city in Britain in terms of archaeological and architectural treasures. One of the finest strategic outposts of the Roman Empire, it is one of the few walled cities left in Britain today. Rachael Lindsay...
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Artillery in Medieval Europe
Artillery weapons in medieval Europe included the mounted crossbow (ballista) and single-arm torsion catapult (mangonel), both similar to ancient Roman machines. As armies battled further afield such as in the Byzantine Empire and against...
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Edward III of England
Edward III of England reigned as king from 1327 to 1377. Succeeding his father Edward II of England (r. 1307-1327) following his enforced abdication and then murder, Edward III would take revenge on his father's enemies, who included the...
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Dublin Castle & the Dubhlinn Gardens
Dublin Castle was for centuries the seat of English and British rule in Ireland. The original castle was constructed by the Norman invaders on the order of King John of England (r. 1199-1216) in 1204. Today, most of the castle consists of...
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Castle Albrechtsburg
This impressive castle is located in Meißen, a small town close to Dresden, Eastern Germany. In 929, King Heinrich I built a wooden fortification on a rock above the Elbe. This made Meißen the centre of the border region of the same name...
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Bodiam Castle
Bodiam Castle in East Sussex, England was built in 1385 by Sir Edward Dallingridge. It was constructed not only for military reasons (threat of French invasion and risk of peasant rebellion) but also as a comfortable home with over 33 fireplaces...
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Dunstanburgh Castle, Reconstructed
Dunstanburgh Castle in Northumberland, England was built between 1313 and 1322 CE by Thomas Lancaster (c. 1278–1322 CE). The castle was heavily damaged during the Wars of the Roses (1455-1487 CE) and became increasingly ruined over the years...
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South View From Dover Castle
The view south from the keep of Dover Castle. The castle was first built by William the Conqueror in the 11th century CE and it was then extensively rebuilt with new walls and a keep added by Henry II (r. 1154-1189 CE). The Saxon church of...
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Bothwell Castle, Reconstructed
Bothwell Castle in South Lanarkshire, Scotland was built in the 13th Century CE, and the castle survived the Wars of Scottish Independence.
This gif shows a reconstruction of the castle as it would have looked upon completion.
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Inner Wall & Donjon, Dover Castle
The inner walls and donjon (keep) of Dover Castle, Kent, England. First built by William the Conqueror in the 11th century CE it was then extensively rebuilt with new walls and a donjon added by Henry II (r. 1154-1189 CE).