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Great Northern War
The Great Northern War took place from 1700 to 1721 and was fought between Russia and Sweden during the reign of Peter I of Russia (Peter the Great). One of the key causes of the war was Peter the Great’s desire to have territory...
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The Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III, side A, 3rd register
Attendants bring tribute from Musri with two-humped camels. Musri, meaning a borderland, probably refers to a country in eastern Iran or in Egypt. From Nimrud, (ancient Kalhu), near the building...
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The Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III, side A, 4th register
Lions and a stag from Marduk-apla-usur the Suhean, probably for the Royal hunting park. Suhi is an area on the middle Euphrates, between modern Syria and Iraq. From Nimrud, (ancient Kalhu), near...
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The Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III, side A, 5th register
Tribute from Qarparunda the Patinean: silver, gold, tin, "fast" bronze, ivory (tusks), and ebony. Patina is modern Antakya, south of Turkey. From Nimrud, (ancient Kalhu), near the building...
Definition
Matilda of Tuscany
Matilda of Canossa (c. 1046-1115), the Countess of Tuscany (r. 1055-1115) and Vice-Queen of Italy (r. 1111-1115), was the final head of the noble House of Canossa following the deaths of her father in 1052 and her elder brother...
Definition
Zvartnots Cathedral
The ruins of Zvartnots Cathedral are located on a flat plain within the Ararat Plateau between the cities of Yerevan and Etchmiadzin in Armenia's Armavir province near Zvartnots International Airport. Built in the middle of...
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Darius III (Artistic Facial Reconstruction)
A photorealistic representation of the Persian king Darius III (r. 336-330 BCE) as he may have appeared. This reconstruction is largely based on artistic evidence like the Alexander Mosaic (c. 100 BCE) and...
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Demolition of the Monument to Alexander III in Moscow
Photograph of the demolition of the monument to Alexander III in Moscow, July 1918. As Tsarist Russia fell in 1917, so did the monuments of its monarchs. The colossal bronze statue to Alexander III...
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The Black Obelisk of King Shalmaneser III
This obelisk was erected as a public monument in 825 BCE at a time of civil war. The relief sculptures glorify the achievements of King Shalmaneser III and his commander-in-chief . It lists their military campaigns...
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King Amenhotep III
The enthroned pharaoh has idealized features and wears a striped head-cloth, false beard, and pleated kilt. A bull's tail, symbol of superhuman strength, hangs between the legs. Many Egyptian kings used the title of "bull" or...
