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William the Conqueror & the Ely Rebellion
By early 1070 CE William I (r. 1066-1087 CE) had almost completed the Norman conquest of England. There remained threats from the border regions with Wales and Scotland but the north of England had finally be subdued by the ruthless harrying...
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Chepstow Castle and Tintern Abbey
An aerial tour of Chepstow Castle in Wales. The castle was first built c. 1067 CE by Earl William FitzOsbern, and then extended from c. 1190 CE by Sir William Marshal (c. 1146-1219 CE).
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Henry II of England
Henry II of England ruled from 1154 to 1189 CE. He gained the throne by negotiation with his predecessor King Stephen of England (r. 1135-1154 CE) following the civil war that had raged between that monarch and Henry's mother Empress Matilda...
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Effigy of Richard I of England
The effigy of Richard I of England (r. 1189-1199), also known as Richard the Lionheart (Cœur de Lion). Fontevraud Abbey, France.
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Tomb of Henry II of England & Eleanor of Aquitane
The effigies of Henry II of England (r. 1154-1189) and his wife Eleanor of Aquitaine (l. c. 1122-1204 CE). Fontevraud Abbey, France.
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Effigy of Isabella of Angoulême
The effigy of Isabella of Angoulême (c. 1186-1246) at Fontevraud Abbey, France. Isabella was the Queen of England as the second wife of King John of England (r. 1199-1216) who she married in August 1200.
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Effigy of Henry II of England
The effigy of Henry II of England (r. 1154-1189) in Fontevraud Abbey, France. Henry was the founder of the Angevins-Plantagenets.
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Richard I & Isabella of Angoulême
The effigies of Richard I of England (r. 1189-1199) and Isabella of Angoulême (c. 1186-1246), Queen of England as the second wife of King John of England (r. 1199-1216). Fontevraud Abbey, France.
Article
Twelve Greatest Illuminated Manuscripts
Illuminated manuscripts are, as their name suggests, hand-made books illumined by gold and silver ink. They were produced in Western Europe between c. 500 and c. 1600 CE and their subject matter is usually Christian scripture, practice, and...
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The History of Champagne
Wine has been made for over 7,000 years, and effervescent wine for just as long since sealing wine before the fermentation is complete will naturally produce it. True sparkling wine, though, a wine that is clear from cloudy impurities, was...