Duchy of Warsaw: Did you mean...?

Around 1450 CE, Europe and the eastern Mediterranean stood at the intersection of declining medieval powers and emerging regional states. The Byzantine Empire...

The Norman world (c. 10th–13th centuries CE) was not a single unified empire, but a far-reaching network of Norman-ruled principalities, kingdoms, military expeditions...

Face reconstruction of King John of England (also called John Lackland, r. 1199-1216), based on his tomb effigy in Worcester Cathedral and contemporary chroniclers describing his physical appearance. During his reign, he lost the Duchy...

This is the Castelgrande in Bellinzona, Switzerland. The castles of Bellinzona are a set of three medieval fortifications located in and surrounding the city of Bellinzona, which is located in Canton Ticino...

The medieval Castelgrande castle of Bellinzona, Ticino, Switzerland. The castle was developed and controlled by the Duchy of Milan when ruled by the Visconti (1277-1447 CE) and Sforza dynasties (1450-1535 CE).

The medieval Montebello castle of Bellinzona, Ticino, Switzerland. The castle was developed and controlled by the Duchy of Milan when ruled by the Visconti (1277-1447 CE) and Sforza dynasties (1450-1535 CE).

The medieval Sasso Corbaro castle of Bellinzona, Ticino, Switzerland. The castle was developed and controlled by the Duchy of Milan when ruled by the Visconti (1277-1447 CE) and Sforza dynasties (1450-1535 CE).

Chronos and His Child, a depiction of the Titan Cronus as "Father Time," wielding a harvesting scythe, oil on canvas by Giovanni Francesco Romanelli, 17th century. National Museum, Warsaw.

This map illustrates the Russian Revolution of 1905, a wave of political and social unrest across the Russian Empire following defeat in the Russo-Japanese War (1904-5). The revolution was sparked by Bloody Sunday...

The Sacrifice of Gideon, oil on canvas painting by Hendrik Heerschop, 1653. Museum of John Paul II Collection, Warsaw.