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Napoleon's Italian Campaign
The Italian campaign of 1796-1797, waged by a young Napoleon Bonaparte, was a decisive campaign in the French Revolutionary Wars (1792-1802). It led to the defeat of Austria, the beginning of French control of northern Italy, and the end...
Definition
Napoleon's Campaign in Egypt and Syria
The French Expedition to Egypt and Syria (1798-1801), led by Napoleon Bonaparte, aimed to establish a French colony in Egypt and to threaten British possessions in India. Despite initial French victories, the campaign ultimately ended in...
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17 Campaigns & Battles of Napoleon
Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821), Emperor of the French, was one of the most successful military commanders of the modern era. From relatively humble beginnings, he rose to prominence during the tumultuous wars of the French Revolution, ultimately...
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Napoleon in Coronation Robes
Emperor Napoleon I in his coronation robes. Painting by François Gérard, 1805.
Musée national du Château de Fontainebleau.
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Arrival of Napoleon at the Notre-Dame de Paris for his Coronation
Napoleon I (1769-1821) arrives at the Notre-Dame de Paris for his coronation ceremony, 2 December 1804. By Charles Percier and Pierre François Léonard Fontaine, 19th century.
Definition
Louisiana Purchase
The Louisiana Purchase was a land deal made in 1803, in which the United States purchased 828,000 square miles (2,144,510 km²) of land west of the Mississippi River from France for $15 million, or an average of three cents per acre. The purchase...
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Napoleonic Concordat of 1801 & Religious Pluralism
The Napoleonic Concordat of 1801 defined France's relationship with the Catholic Church for over 100 years. The Organic Articles were added in 1802 and provided state recognition of the Reformed and Lutheran confessions alongside the Catholic...
Definition
French Directory
The French Directory, or Directorate (French: le Directoire), was the government of France from 2 November 1795 until 9 November 1799, a period that spanned the last four years of the French Revolution (1789-1799). The Directory was unpopular...
Definition
13 Vendémiaire
The Revolt of 13 Vendémiaire Year IV (5 October 1795) was a royalist uprising in Paris during the French Revolution (1789-1799). In response to the anti-royalist policies of the Thermidorian Reaction, 25,000 Parisians rose in revolt but were...
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Coronation Spoon, British Crown Jewels
The Coronation Spoon of the British Crown Jewels. The spoon is the only object in the regalia which survives from the 12th century CE. The gold spoon is used for anointing the sovereign during their coronation ceremony. It measures 26.7 cm...