Composer: Did you mean...?

A c. 1791 oil-on-canvas portrait by John Hoppner of Joseph Haydn (1732-1809), the Austrian composer of classical music. (Royal Collection)

An 1886 photograph of the Austrian composer Anton Bruckner (1824-96). He is wearing the Order of Franz Josef. Photograph taken by Otto Schmidt. (Austrian National Library)

A 1905 photograph of the English composer Edward Elgar (1857-1934).

A 1940s photograph of the Hungarian composer Béla Bartók (1881-1945).

A 1939 photograph of the Finnish composer Jean Sibelius (1865-1957).

A 1920 portrait of the British composer Gustav Holst (1874-1934) by William Rothenstein. Taken from, Music & Letters (Oxford University Press) Vol. 1, No. 3 (July, 1920), pp. 181-190.

The Protestant Reformation (1517-1648) was one of the most significant cultural, political, and religious events in the history of Europe and helped shape the modern world. It was a complex event spanning...

Christmas carols are a much-loved part of the Christmas season and while many have a long history, others are surprisingly recent. From medieval dancing songs to the 19th-century revival, the words and music of carols...

Between c. 1700 and 1950, Western classical music evolved alongside profound political, social, and technological change, moving through four broad stylistic phases: Baroque, Classicism, Romanticism, and Modernism...

A 1921 photograph of the British composers Gustav Holst (1874-1934) and Ralph Vaughan Williams (1872-1958). Taken by William Gillies Whittaker.