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The Canon of Medicine
The Persian manuscript copy of The Canon of Medicine by Ibn Sina (Avicenna).
Museum and Mausoleum of Avicenna, Hamedan, Iran.
Article
Family Planning in Greco-Roman Antiquity
Family planning was a topic of vital importance in the ancient Mediterranean. Some of the earliest medical literature from ancient Greece and Rome deals with fertility and reproductive health. Among the numerous treatments and procedures...
Definition
Shang Dynasty
The Shang Dynasty (c. 1600-1046 BCE) was the second dynasty of China, which succeeded the Xia Dynasty (c. 2070-1600 BCE) after the overthrow of the Xia tyrant Jie by the Shang leader, Tang. Since many historians question whether the Xia Dynasty...
Collection
Chinese Philosophy
Ancient Chinese Philosophy developed during the Spring and Autumn Period (c. 772-476 BCE) and the Warring States Period (c. 481-221 BCE) in ancient China. This was the era known as the Hundred Schools of Thought, referring to many different...
Definition
White Huns (Hephthalites)
The White Huns were a race of largely nomadic peoples who were a part of the Hunnic tribes of Central Asia. They ruled over an expansive area stretching from the Central Asian lands all the way to the Western Indian Subcontinent. Although...
Definition
Sima Qian
Sima Qian (l. 145/135-86 BCE) was a court scribe, astrologer, and historian of the Han Dynasty (202 BCE - 220 CE) of ancient China, famous for his historical work Records of the Grand Historian for which he is remembered as the Father of...
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Geronimo, Apache Medicine Man and War Chief
Geronimo (l. c. 1829-1909), Apache medicine man and war chief. Photograph titled Geronimo (Goyaałé), a Bedonkohe Apache, kneeling with rifle, 1887, by Ben Wittick, 1887.
National Archives and Records Administration, Washington, D.C.
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Native American Medicine Bag
Native American medicine bag, illustration from the Annual Archaeological Report, 1915, by Rowland B. Orr, published in Ontario Sessional Papers, 1916, No. 17-18, 1916.
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Chiricahua-Apache Medicine Man in Traditional Wickiup with Family, 1883
A Chiricahua-Apache medicine man in the traditional Apache dwelling of a wickiup with his family in 1883. The Chiricahua are one of the six bands of the Apache nation. Photograph by A. Frank Randall. Denver Public Library Special Collections...
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Medicine Lodge, Mandan O-kee-pa Ceremony
Interior View of the Medicine Lodge, Mandan O‑kee-pa Ceremony, oil on canvas by George Catlin, 1832.
Smithsonian American Art Museum