Cataphract: Did you mean...?

After securing the eastern Mediterranean seaboard and Egypt, Alexander the Great pushed east into Mesopotamia with the intention of bringing Darius to battle. After crossing the Euphrates River unopposed, he marched his army eastward along...

The Roman army underwent dramatic changes in Late Antiquity. Civil war and external conflicts led to the creation of new legions while existing legions were either split or disbanded. Although there was an increase in the number of legions...

Psychological intimidation in military conflict has been an art of war since ancient times. Employing misinformation, feigned movements, subtle messaging, and overt display of aggression, its employ is meant to unnerve the enemy before engagement...

While little is written about Parthian-Scythian relations, not only did the Parthians share origins with the Scythians and cooperated militarily but social, cultural, and commercial interactions were likely as well. Essentially leading a...

This is an artist's illustration of how Parthian camel cataphracts may have looked like in combat against Roman legionaries.

A Persian seizes his Parthian opponent, Firuzabad Relief, Iran, 224-241 CE.

Ardashir I unseats Artabanus, Firuzabad Relief, Iran, 224-241 CE