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The Steel Industry in the British Industrial Revolution
Article by Mark Cartwright

The Steel Industry in the British Industrial Revolution

The production of steel during the British Industrial Revolution became cheaper and more reliable thanks to the Bessemer converter, a type of blast furnace that removed undesirable impurities from pig iron. The superior strength and durability...
The Coronation Ceremony of the British Monarchy
Article by Mark Cartwright

The Coronation Ceremony of the British Monarchy

The coronation ceremony of the British monarchy as we know it today involves many elements that have been a part of the pageantry ever since the 11th century. Such features of the ceremony carried out in Westminster Abbey since 1066 have...
Social Change in the British Industrial Revolution
Article by Mark Cartwright

Social Change in the British Industrial Revolution

The British Industrial Revolution (1760-1840) witnessed a great number of technical innovations, such as steam-powered machines, which resulted in new working practices, which in turn brought many social changes. More women and children worked...
Coal Mining in the British Industrial Revolution
Article by Mark Cartwright

Coal Mining in the British Industrial Revolution

Coal mining boomed during the British Industrial Revolution as it provided fuel for steam engines of all kinds in factories, transport, and agriculture. Draining flooded mines to extract more coal was the reason the steam engine was invented...
East India Company
Definition by Mark Cartwright

East India Company

The English East India Company (EIC or EEIC), later to become the British East India Company, was founded in 1600 as a trading company. With a massive private army and the backing of the British government, the EIC looted the Indian subcontinent...
Trade Unions in the British Industrial Revolution
Article by Mark Cartwright

Trade Unions in the British Industrial Revolution

Trade unions were formed in Britain during the Industrial Revolution (1760-1840) to protect workers from unnecessary risks using dangerous machines, unhealthy working conditions, and excessive hours of work. The trade union movement was vigorously...
British East India Company
Teaching Material by Alessandra Timmins

British East India Company - Interactive Lesson for High School

This interactive world history lesson takes a deep dive into the British East India Company and its expansion across the Indian subcontinent. Using interactive slides, students work through an interactive timeline, interpret maps, and complete...
The Steam Engine in the British Industrial Revolution
Article by Mark Cartwright

The Steam Engine in the British Industrial Revolution

Steam power was one of the most significant developments of the Industrial Revolution (1760-1840) in Britain. First invented as a pump in the 1690s, a host of inventors tweaked designs and tinkered with machinery until an efficient and powerful...
The Impact of the British Industrial Revolution
Article by Mark Cartwright

The Impact of the British Industrial Revolution

The consequences of the British Industrial Revolution (1760-1840) were many, varied, and long-lasting. Working life in rural and urban settings was changed forever by the inventions of new machines, the spread of factories, and the decline...
Child Labour in the British Industrial Revolution
Article by Mark Cartwright

Child Labour in the British Industrial Revolution

Children were widely used as labour in factories, mines, and agriculture during the British Industrial Revolution (1760-1840). Very often working the same 12-hour shifts that adults did, children as young as five years old were paid a pittance...
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