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Abu Simbel Interior
Image by Man77

Abu Simbel Interior

Inside the Great Temple The architects of ancient Egypt in the 13th century BCE aligned the temple so that , on October 21 and February 21 (61 days before and 61 days after the winter solstice), the sun’s rays enter into the sanctuary...
Architectural Survey of Abu Simbel
Image by UNESCO / Paul Almasy

Architectural Survey of Abu Simbel

Geneva architect Jean Jacquet, a UNESCO expert, makes an architectural survey of the Great Temple of Rameses II (1290-1223 BCE). It is hoped that the temple will be preserved in its entirety .
Umayyad Dynasty
Definition by Syed Muhammad Khan

Umayyad Dynasty

The Umayyad Dynasty (661-750 CE), the first dynasty to take the title of Caliphate, was established in 661 CE by Muawiya (l. c. 602-680 CE), who had served as the governor of Syria under the Rashidun Caliphate, after the death of the fourth...
Abu Simbel, Facade of the Temple of Ramesses II
Image by Carole Raddato

Abu Simbel, Facade of the Temple of Ramesses II

The Great Temple at Abu Simbel was built by Ramesses II and completed around 1264 BCE. It stands 98 feet (30 metres) high and 115 feet (35 metres) long with four seated colossi flanking the entrance, two to each side, depicting Ramesses II...
Detail of Statue of Abu Bint Deimon, Hatra
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Detail of Statue of Abu Bint Deimon, Hatra

Abu Bint Deimon was the wife of Sanatruq I (reigned c. 140 - 180 CE), king of Hatra. This is a detail of the upper part of the statue. It represents one of the finest sculptures from Hatra. She wears an elaborate headgear, earrings, necklaces...
Statue of Abu Bint Jablo, Hatra
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Statue of Abu Bint Jablo, Hatra

The Aramaic inscription on the base of the statute states that it was commissioned by Abu Bint Jablo's husband in her memory and that she was assassinated for an unknown reason under vague circumstances at the age of 18. The inscription also...
Full Length Statue of Abu Bint Deimon, Hatra
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Full Length Statue of Abu Bint Deimon, Hatra

Abu Bint Deimon was the wife of Sanatruq I (reigned c. 140 - 180 CE), king of Hatra. The statue represents one of the finest sculptures from Hatra. She wears elaborate headgear, earrings, necklaces, and bracelets. Her right arm is raised...
Spiral Minaret, Abu Dulaf
Image by Gertrude Bell

Spiral Minaret, Abu Dulaf

A photograph by Gertrude Bell (l. 1868-1926) of a ruined spiral minaret near the Mosque of Abu Dulaf. Taken in 1909 in Iraq. (Gertrude Bell Archive)
Statues Inside the Temple of Abu Simbel
Image by David Roberts / Wellcome Collection

Statues Inside the Temple of Abu Simbel

Statues inside the temple of Abu Simbel, Egypt. Coloured lithograph by Louis Haghe after David Roberts, 1849 CE. Wellcome Collection, London. David Roberts travelled in the Middle East and North Africa, particularly Egypt, from 1838 to...
Perforated Flint Disc from Abu Hamid
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Perforated Flint Disc from Abu Hamid

This is a hallmark of the Chalcolithic industry. The perforation may have been for inserting a stick; the disc would then be used for cutting, as a weapon, or just as a symbol of authority. Late Chalcolithic period, 4000-3800 BCE. From Abu...
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