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Gordian Emperors
Definition by Donald L. Wasson

Gordian Emperors

When Maximinus Thrax was named Roman emperor upon the death of Alexander Severus, the news was not well-received by many in Rome and the Roman Senate considered him an illiterate barbarian. His financial excesses, principally used to fund...
The Barracks Emperors
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

The Barracks Emperors - Instability of Populist Rule

The "barracks emperors" is a term coined by later historians referring to the Roman emperors who were chosen and supported by the army during the period known as the Crisis of the Third Century (also known as the Imperial Crisis, 235-284...
Gordian III (Artistic Facial Reconstruction)
Image by Daniel Voshart

Gordian III (Artistic Facial Reconstruction)

A photorealistic representation of what the Roman emperor Gordian III (r. 238-244 CE) may have looked like. Based on contemporary and near contemporary descriptions, as well as archaeological evidence. Pictured alongside the reconstruction...
Gordian I (Artistic Facial Reconstruction)
Image by Daniel Voshart

Gordian I (Artistic Facial Reconstruction)

A photorealistic representation of what the Roman emperor Gordian I (r. 238 CE) may have looked like. Based on contemporary and near contemporary descriptions, as well as archaeological evidence. Pictured alongside the reconstruction are...
Gordian II (Artistic Facial Reconstruction)
Image by Daniel Voshart

Gordian II (Artistic Facial Reconstruction)

A photorealistic representation of what the Roman emperor Gordian II (r. 238 CE) may have looked like. Based on contemporary and near contemporary descriptions, as well as archaeological evidence. Pictured alongside the reconstruction is...
Gordian III
Image by Mark Cartwright

Gordian III

A marble bust of Roman Emperor Gordian III, r. 238-244 CE. (Palazzo Massimo, Rome)
Gordian I
Image by Mark Cartwright

Gordian I

A marble bust of Roman emperor Gordian I who reigned in 238 CE. (Capitoline Museums, Rome)
Bimetallic Medallion of Emperor Gordian III
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Bimetallic Medallion of Emperor Gordian III

Medallions with designs similar to coins could be worn as a symbol of allegiance, or given as prestigious gifts. They were specifically intended to be attractive, as display or presentation pieces. Bimetallic medallion of the Roman Emperor...
The Knot of the Dead
Image by Berig

The Knot of the Dead

A section of the Stora Hammars I stone in Gotland representing a so-called valknut (the three triangles), alongside a figure with a spear, which might be interpreted as Odin, accompanied by what looks like a raven and a hanging man near a...
Philip the Arab
Definition by Donald L. Wasson

Philip the Arab

Philip the Arab ruled as emperor of the Roman Empire briefly from 244 CE to 249 CE. In 244 CE Roman emperor Gordian III responded to an uprising in the eastern provinces instigated by the Persian king Shapur. Under the superb leadership of...
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