Wales: Did you mean...?

The Norse may have ruled parts of northern Wales in the early 11th century, specifically in Anglesey and Gwynedd, though the degree to which is unclear. Old Norse had relatively little impact on Welsh linguistics, and the Old...

The Norman Conquest of 1066 CE brought sophisticated motte and bailey castle architecture to England but it was really in the 12th and 13th centuries CE that stone castle-building reached its zenith. Edward I of...

Owain Gwynedd (c. 1100-1170), also known as Owain ap Gruffudd, was a Welsh leader and ruler of the Kingdom of Gwynedd, best known for his resistance against Henry II of England (reign 1154-1189). He is not to...

Map of Medieval Wales by Owj20.

A map showing the railway network in England and Wales in 1898. From Pitman's Commercial Geography of the World, London, 1898. (British Library, London)

Conwy Castle in north Wales. The castle was built by Edward I of England (r. 1272-1307 CE) from 1283 to 1289 CE.

Harlech Castle in Wales, first built by Edward I of England (r. 1272-1307 CE) from 1283 CE and completed by 1330 CE.

A mid-16th century CE portrait by William Scrots of Edward VI of England (r. 1547-1553 CE) when he was the Prince of Wales.

Caernarfon Castle, Wales. The castle was built by Edward I of England from 1283 to 1330 CE.

In Principio window, photograph by Sena Bolek, 2025. A stained-glass window on the northern side of the Mitchell Vestibule at the State Library of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. The In Principio...