Search Results
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632Muhammad dies in Medina, not clearly naming a successor to lead the Muslim people.
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632 - 634Abu Bakr becomes the first caliph (successor to Muhammad) of the Rashidun Caliphate.
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634 - 644Umar ibn al-Khattab succeeds Abu Bakr, becoming the second caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate.
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637Muslim invasion of the Levant. The Byzantines are driven out.
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644 - 656Uthman ibn 'Affan succeeds Umar to become the third caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate.
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651Arab Rashidun Caliphate conquers the Sasanian Empire.
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656 - 661Ali ibn Abi Talib succeeds Uthman to become the fourth and final caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate.
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Oct 680Husayn ibn Ali, Shia Islam's third imam, is beheaded by Yazid I's force at the Battle of Karbala in present-day Iraq.
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750Fall of the Umayyad Caliphate.
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750Start of the Abbasid Caliphate.
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756Abd al-Rahman I establishes the Emirate of Cordoba.
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909 - 1171Fatimid Dynasty in Egypt.
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1258The Mongols conquer the Abbasid Caliphate. During this campaign there is the infamous sacking of Baghdad and murder of the caliph.
