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A 16th century CE portrait by Giacomo Antonio Moro of Philip II of Spain (r. 1556-1598 CE).

A portrait of Antonio de Mendoza, the first viceroy of New Spain (Mexico and many surrounding territories) within the Spanish empire. He served from 1535 to 1550. (Museo Nacional de Historia, Mexico City)

The Cardo Maximus (north-south street) of Italica, an archaeological site located in modern-day Santiponce, 9 kilometres (5.5 miles) north of Seville in Spain.

This Visigothic votive crown is from 7th-century Spain, and it was made from gold, elements of nacre, amethysts, sapphires, emeralds, and glass beads. It was discovered in 1860 in the "Treasure of Guarrazar" near Toledo, Spain. (Musée de...

A view of the medieval town of Tordesillas in northwest Spain. The town gave its name to the famous 1494 treaty of Tordesillas, signed between Spain and Portugal, which divided the world into two spheres of influence.

The Roman theatre of Acinipo in southern Spain (Roman province of Hispania Baetica), built in the middle of the 1st century BCE. It is one of the most ancient Roman theatres in Spain.

A statue of Abd al-Rahman I (731 – 788 CE) in Almuñécar, Spain. He was the founder of the Emirate (and later Caliphate) of Cordoba which rivaled the Abbasids.

Augusta Emerita (modern-day Mérida in Spain) was a Roman colony established by Augustus in 25 BCE. The city was the capital of the Roman province of Lusitania, and was one of the largest in Hispania with an area of over 20,000 square kilometres...

A model of the the best preserved Tartessian site, Cancho Roano, which is near Zalamea de la Serena in Extremadura, Spain. It was established in the late seventh century BCE and later expanded. Its exact purpose is not known but is thought...

The Roman theatre of Augusta Emerita is the most important Roman monument in Mérida (Spain) and the best example of its kind to be found in western Europe. Its construction began c. 15 BCE and an inscription indicates that Roman consul Marcus...