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The War of 1812 (1812-1815), referred to by some contemporaries as the Second American Revolution, was fought between the United States and the United Kingdom. Often remembered only as a sideshow to the Napoleonic Wars, the war had some long-term...

This map illustrates the American War of Independence (1775 to 1783), during which thirteen North American colonies rebelled against British rule and ultimately secured their independence. Sparked by tensions over taxation and governance...

The War of 1812 (1812–1815) was a transatlantic conflict between the United States and Great Britain that grew out of unresolved tensions from the Napoleonic Wars. Under President James Madison (in office 1809–1817) and during the reign of...

7th Cavalry Regiment guidon found at Slim Buttes fastened to the lodge of Chief American Horse. Although American Horse (the Elder) was not present at the Battle of the Little Bighorn, war trophies such as the guidon encouraged the destruction...

The Chesapeake-Leopard affair was an incident that took place off the coast of Norfolk, Virginia, on 22 June 1807 when the British warship HMS Leopard fired on and boarded an American frigate USS Chesapeake while searching for deserters from...

Photographic print of Ludwig Kohn, an injured American Civil War soldier, by Reed B. Bontecou, 1865. Reed B. Bontecou (1824-1907) was an American surgeon who recorded the wounds of Civil War soldiers, often including his own illustrations...

James Mooney (l. 1861-1921), American ethnographer who helped preserve the literature, language, and culture of the Cherokee nation. Plate 1 in The Swimmer Manuscript by James Mooney and Frans M. Olbrechts, Smithsonian Institution. Bureau...

Native American house burial, illustration from page 175 of A Further Contribution to the Study of Mortuary Customs of the North American Indians by Dr. H. C. Yarrow, Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of Ethnology, 1881.

War News from Mexico, artistic depiction of US public reaction to news from war against Mexico, oil on canvas painting by Richard Caton Woodville Sr., Düsseldorf, 1848. This scene shows a range of reactions to news from the warfront. The...

The American Civil War (1861–1865) was a nationwide conflict in the United States sparked by the secession of eleven Southern states following Abraham Lincoln’s election in 1860. The Confederacy, founded on the preservation of slavery, clashed...