North Sea Empire: Did you mean...?

Palestine in the ancient world was part of the region known as Canaan where the Kingdoms of Israel and Judah were located. The term `Palestine' was originally a designation of an area of land in southern Canaan which the people known as the...

This is Dead Sea Scroll number 28a (1Q28a), which was found in Cave 1 at Qumran (Khirbet Qumran or Wadi Qumran). The Dead Sea Scrolls are ancient Jewish religious manuscripts. The majority were written in Hebrew script on leather or papyrus...

The Copper Scroll was discovered inside Cave 3 (Q3) at Qumran (Khirbat Qumran or Wadi Qumran). This is the only known inscription on metal from the Dead Sea area. The scroll originally consisted of three sheets of copper, totaling 2.3 meters...

Dead Sea Scroll number 175 (4Q175), which was found in Cave 4 at Qumran (Khirbet Qumran or Wadi Qumran), West Bank of the Jordan River, near the north part of the Dead Sea, modern-day State of Israel. It is also known as "The Testimonia"...

This is Dead Sea Scroll number 4Q109, known as Qohelet (Ecclesiastes), which was found in Cave 4 at Qumran (Khirbet Qumran or Wadi Qumran). The Dead Sea Scrolls are ancient Jewish religious manuscripts. The majority were written in Hebrew...

Caesarea Maritima was located on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. Built from the ground up in 22-10 BCE by Rome's client king, Herod the Great (r. 37-4 BCE), its location in relation to ship traffic and proximity to historical...

The Despotate of Epirus was one of the successor states of the Byzantine Empire when it disintegrated following the Fourth Crusade's capture of Constantinople in 1204 CE. It was originally the most successful of those successor states, coming...

This is part of Pesher Isaiah, scroll number 4Q162, which was found in Cave 4 at Qumran (Khirbet Qumran or Wadi Qumran). A pesher is a type of commentary. The Dead Sea Scrolls are ancient Jewish religious manuscripts. The majority were written...

The Dead Sea Scrolls (DSS) are a collection of scrolls found in the desert east of Jerusalem on the shore of the Dead Sea. They represent the largest manuscript collections of texts from the Second Temple Period found in the area of Judah...

The Ariake Sea and Yushima at Hara Castle, photograph by Matthew Allison, 4 October 2025. Hara Castle, Minamishimabara, sits on the coastline of the Ariake Sea, as photographed above. It was along this shoreline that the rebels of the Shimabara...