Matilda of Flanders: Did you mean...?

Alexander I of Scotland reigned from 1107 to 1124 CE. Alexander continued the reorganisation of the Scottish Church, taking the Roman Catholic Church organisation as a model, and he famously founded the priory at Scone, site of the acclamation...

The Battle of Gazala in Libya in May-June 1942 was a decisive victory for German and Italian forces led by General Erwin Rommel (1891-1944) against British, Commonwealth, and Free French forces during the Western Desert Campaigns (Jun 1940...

The history and culture of the Native Peoples of North America are often overlooked as they have been largely eclipsed by the history of the European settlers who colonized the region beginning in the 17th century. The original inhabitants...

At the dawn of the French Wars of Religion (1562-1598), Montpellier in southern France had a significant Protestant minority that controlled the city's institutions. The Edict of Nantes in 1598 ended the wars and Protestants retained territorial...

Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor (r. 1084-1105) submitting to Gregory VII at Canossa in 1077, study for a fresco by Federico Zuccaro, 1557-1609. British Museum, London.

Wax effigy of Pope Gregory VII (c. 1015-1085). Cathedral of Salerno, Italy.

The enamel funerary plaque of Geoffrey Plantagenet (r. 1129 - 1151 CE). It depicts Geoffrey The plaque originally came from the Saint Julian of Le Mans where Geoffrey was buried. It is now in the Tessé Museum in Le Mans, France. Enamel on...

Wolvesey Castle in Winchester, Hampshire, England. Wolvesey Castle was built in 1141 by Bishop Henry of Blois (c. 1096 – 1171 CE), the brother of King Stephen of England (r. 1135 - 1154 CE). The castle was the setting of the Rout of Winchester...

In this gallery, we showcase images of 30 influential women from the Middle Ages. Usually dated from c. 500 to c. 1500, this was a complex and transformative period in European history filled with political turmoil and dynamic social and...

The Third Crusade (1189-1192 CE) was launched to retake Jerusalem after its fall to the Muslim leader Saladin in 1187 CE. The Crusade was led by three European monarchs, hence its other name of 'the Kings' Crusade'. The three leaders were...