Czechoslovakia: Did you mean...?

Adolf Eichmann (1906-1962), a lieutenant-colonel in the Nazi SS, was responsible for organising the transportation of Jewish people and other victims of Nazism to concentration, labour, and death camps. Eichmann played a key role in the Holocaust...

The Phoney War was the period from the start of the Second World War (1939-45) when Britain and France declared war against Germany on 3 September until the start of significant military action in the West in the spring of 1940. While Poland...

A May 1942 photograph showing the damaged car of Reinhard Heydrich (1904-42), a senior Nazi and leader in Bohemia and Moravia who was assassinated by the Czech resistance who threw a grenade at the vehicle in Prague. (German Federal Archives...

The leader of Nazi Germany Adolf Hitler (1889-1945) identified Jewish people as enemies of the state, presenting them through relentless propaganda as responsible for Germany's economic and cultural decline. Basing this propaganda on White...

A group of German generals attempted to assassinate the leader of Nazi Germany Adolf Hitler (1889-1945) using a bomb on 20 July 1944 but failed. The conspirators were against Hitler's conduct of the Second World War (1939-45) and Nazism in...

Women were involved in all aspects of the Russian Revolutions of 1905 and 1917 when radical socialists and other sections of society challenged the authoritarian rule of Tsar Nicholas II (reign 1894-1917). As writers, activists, demonstrators...

The Ukrainian Question in the International Arena (1918–1939) After the defeat of the Ukrainian People's Republic, the lands inhabited by Ukrainians were once again divided—this time between the Soviet Union, Poland, Romania, and Czechoslovakia...

The causes of WWII (1939-45) were many and varied, but there was a chain of international crises in Europe, which finally degenerated into a conflict that ultimately spread to engulf most of the world. In this collection of resources, we...

This map illustrates the geopolitical landscape of Europe in mid-November 1918, immediately after the signing of the Armistice of Compiègne (11 November 1918), which ended the First World War (1914–1918). The Great War, fought on an unprecedented...

A photograph showing the British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain (1869-1940) and Adolf Hitler (1889-1945), the leader of Nazi Germany at Berchtesgaden, Bavaria on 15 September 1938 during the Sudentenland crisis which ended with Hitler's...