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Achaemenid Lion Weight
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Achaemenid Lion Weight

One side of this heavy weight is inscribed in Aramaic with "correct according to the stater of silver". This probably refers to the use of a weight standard based on the silver coins known as staters. This object weighs just over 31 kg, which...
Map of the Achaemenid Persian Empire - Animation
Image by Ali Zifan

Map of the Achaemenid Persian Empire - Animation

This map animation shows the rise and fall of the Achaemenid Persian Empire over time.
Achaemenid Empire
Definition by Peter Davidson

Achaemenid Empire

East of the Zagros Mountains, a high plateau stretches off towards India. While Egypt was rising up against the Hyksos, a wave of pastoral tribes from north of the Caspian Sea was drifting down into this area and across into India. By the...
Interview: King of the World by Matt Waters
Interview by Kelly Macquire

Interview: King of the World by Matt Waters

In this interview, World History Encyclopedia sits down with author Matt Waters to chat about his new book King of the World: The Life of Cyrus the Great published by Oxford University Press. Kelly: Can you tell us a bit about your book...
Achaemenid Kings List & Commentary
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Achaemenid Kings List & Commentary

The Achaemenid Empire (c. 550-330 BCE) was the first great Persian political entity in Western and Central Asia which stretched, at its peak, from Asia Minor to the Indus Valley and Mesopotamia through Egypt. It was founded by Cyrus II (the...
Ancient Persian Art and Architecture
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Ancient Persian Art and Architecture

Persian art and architecture in the present day is associated with the nation of Iran and usually designated as beginning with the Achaemenid Empire (c. 550-330 BCE) but has an even longer history with its origins dating back to before the...
The Rock-Cut Tombs of Qizqapan, Iraqi Kurdistan: Median or Achaemenid?
Article by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

The Rock-Cut Tombs of Qizqapan, Iraqi Kurdistan: Median or Achaemenid?

O Creator of the material world, at what distance from the holy man (should the place for the dead body be)?" Ahura Mazda replied: "Three paces from the holy man". (Vend. 8. 6-7) In September 2009 CE, one of my relatives...
Persian Immortals
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Persian Immortals

The Ten Thousand Immortals were the elite force of the Persian army of the Achaemenid Empire (c. 550-330 BCE). They formed the king's personal bodyguard and were also considered the shock troops of the infantry in Persian warfare. They are...
Achaemenid Persian Market Scene
Image by Amplitude Studios

Achaemenid Persian Market Scene

Artist's impression of what a market scene may have looked like in the Achaemenid Persian empire. A ziggurat constructed prior to the Achaemenid period is visible in the background. Created by Amplitude Studios for the video game Humankind.
Achaemenid Gold Armlet
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Achaemenid Gold Armlet

This is one of a pair of golden armlets. These objects are among the most important surviving items from ancient Persian craftsmanship. It is likely that they were intended for display rather than being worn. The lion-griffin terminals were...
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