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Definition
Siege of Tobruk
The siege of the port of Tobruk in Libya (April to Dec 1941) by Axis forces during the Second World War (1939-45) lasted 242 days and became a symbol of Allied resistance. Besieged by land but still supplied by sea, Tobruk was of vital strategic...

Definition
Operation Compass
Operation Compass (9 Dec 1940 to 7 Feb 1941) was an Allied offensive in North Africa, which pushed Italian forces out of Egypt and then Cyrenaica (Eastern Libya). The Allied Western Desert Force, led by Lieutenant-General Richard O'Connor...

Article
Battle of Gazala - Rommel's Greatest Victory
The Battle of Gazala in Libya in May-June 1942 was a decisive victory for German and Italian forces led by General Erwin Rommel (1891-1944) against British, Commonwealth, and Free French forces during the Western Desert Campaigns (Jun 1940...

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Post-siege Tobruk
A photograph showing the aftermath of the Siege of Tobruk (1941) in the Western Desert Campaigns in North Africa during the Second World War (1939-45). (Imperial War Museums)

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Australian Troops, Siege of Tobruk
Australian troops at the Siege of Tobruk (Apr-Dec 1941) in the Western Desert Campaigns in North Africa during the Second World War (1939-45). (Imperial War Museums)

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German Artillery, Siege of Tobruk
German artillery at the Siege of Tobruk (1941-2) in the Western Desert Campaigns in North Africa during the Second World War (1939-45). (Imperial War Museums)

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Polish Troops at the Siege of Tobruk
A photograph of Polish soldiers during the Siege of Tobruk (Apr-Dec 1941) in the Western Desert Campaigns in North Africa during the Second World War (1939-45). Taken in September 1941. (Imperial War Museums)

Definition
The Description of Africa
The Description of Africa is the first comprehensive book about Africa, written by Leo Africanus, an African scholar trained in the Islamic intellectual tradition, in 1526, during the Italian Renaissance. A skillful mixture of anthropology...

Article
Battle of Bir Hakeim - The Heroic Defence by Free French Forces in Libya
The defence by Free French forces of the remote desert watering hole of Bir Hakeim (Hacheim) in Libya, North Africa in May-June 1942 during the Second World War (1939-45) is one of the most heroic episodes in French military history. Although...

Article
North Africa’s Place in the Mediterranean Economy of Late Antiquity
The Mediterranean Sea was the economic focal point of the Roman Empire. Rome's armies first established an empire across these waters beginning back in the times of the Roman Republic. In 200 CE, the Mediterranean was still the channel that...