---
title: Báctria
author: Jan van der Crabben
translator: Jonas Tenfen
source: https://www.worldhistory.org/trans/pt/1-291/bactria/
format: machine-readable-alternate
license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/)
updated: 2022-02-24
---

# Báctria

_Escrito por [Jan van der Crabben](https://www.worldhistory.org/user/jvdc/)_
_Traduzido por [Jonas Tenfen](https://www.worldhistory.org/user/jonastenfen)_

Báctria foi uma província do [Império](https://www.worldhistory.org/trans/pt/1-99/imperio/) Persa, localizada onde hoje se encontram o Afeganistão, Uzbequistão e Tajiquistão.

Depois da derrota de Dário III da Pérsia, Báctria continuou a oferecer resistência contra [Alexandre, o Grande](https://www.worldhistory.org/trans/pt/1-265/alexandre-o-grande/), liderada por Besso, que havia proclamado a si mesmo como sucessor de Dario III. Alexandre conquistou a região com grande dificuldade entre os anos de 329-327 a.C., em grande medida com o apoio de forças auxiliares locais. Durante sua estada na região, Alexandre se casou com uma bactriana, [Roxana](https://www.worldhistory.org/trans/pt/1-10600/roxana/), para auxiliar em seus esforços de controle da região.

Após a morte de Alexandre, Báctria fez parte do [Império Selêucida](https://www.worldhistory.org/trans/pt/1-246/imperio-seleucida/). As muitas dificuldades que os reis selêucidas tiveram que enfrentar e os frequentes ataques de Ptolomeu II do Egito deram a Diodoto, sátrapa de Báctria, a oportunidade de declarar independência (por volta de 255 a.C.) e conquistar a região de Soguediana, fundando o Reino Indo-Grego.

#### Editorial Review

This human-authored definition has been reviewed by our editorial team before publication to ensure accuracy, reliability and adherence to academic standards in accordance with our [editorial policy](https://www.worldhistory.org/static/editorial-policy/).

## Sobre o Autor

Jan é o fundador e CEO da World History Encyclopedia, liderando esta organização sem fins lucrativos para melhor cumprir a missão de envolver pessoas com patrimônio cultural e melhorar a educação histórica em todo o mundo. Possui um MA em War Studies pelo King's College.
- [Linkedin Profile](https://www.linkedin.com/in/janvdc)

## Histórico

- **Jan 329 BCE - May 327 BCE**: [Alexander](https://www.worldhistory.org/disambiguation/Alexander/) conquers [Bactria](https://www.worldhistory.org/Bactria/) and [Sogdiana](https://www.worldhistory.org/sogdiana/).
- **c. Mar 327 BCE**: [Alexander the Great](https://www.worldhistory.org/Alexander_the_Great/) marries the Bactrian girl [Roxanne](https://www.worldhistory.org/Roxanne/).
- **293 BCE**: [Antiochos](https://www.worldhistory.org/disambiguation/antiochos/) is appointed vice-king of the Upper-Satrapies by his father [Seleucus I Nicator](https://www.worldhistory.org/Seleucos_I/).
- **c. 280 BCE**: Incursion of northern nomads ([Sakas](https://www.worldhistory.org/Scythians/)) on [Seleucid](https://www.worldhistory.org/Seleucid_Empire/) territories.
- **250 BCE**: Former [satrap](https://www.worldhistory.org/Persian_Governor/) [Diodotos](https://www.worldhistory.org/disambiguation/diodotos/) rebels against [Seleucid](https://www.worldhistory.org/Seleucid_Empire/) king [Antiochos](https://www.worldhistory.org/disambiguation/antiochos/) I, creating the [Greco-Bactrian kingdom](https://www.worldhistory.org/Greco-Bactria/).
- **c. 230 BCE**: [Diodotos](https://www.worldhistory.org/disambiguation/diodotos/) II is overthrown by Euthydemos. Beginning of the [Euthydemid](https://www.worldhistory.org/euthydemid/) dynasty.
- **208 BCE - 206 BCE**: Siege of Bactra by [Antiochos](https://www.worldhistory.org/disambiguation/antiochos/) III.
- **c. 200 BCE - c. 100 BCE**: [Scythians](https://www.worldhistory.org/Scythians/) tribes migrate into [Bactria](https://www.worldhistory.org/Bactria/), [Sogdiana](https://www.worldhistory.org/sogdiana/) and Arachosia.
- **c. 180 BCE - 80 BCE**: Period of [Indo-Greek](https://www.worldhistory.org/Indo-Greek/) rule in the [Gandhara](https://www.worldhistory.org/Gandhara_Civilization/) region.
- **145 BCE**: Murder of [Eucratides](https://www.worldhistory.org/disambiguation/Eucratides/) by his son. Weakening of the [Greco-Bactrian kingdom](https://www.worldhistory.org/Greco-Bactria/).
- **c. 145 BCE**: [Eucratidia](https://www.worldhistory.org/Eucratidia/) is taken by the [Sakas](https://www.worldhistory.org/Scythians/).
- **c. 139 BCE**: [Eucratidia](https://www.worldhistory.org/Eucratidia/) is looted to the ground by the Yuezhei.
- **c. 130 BCE**: The Yuezhei take control of [Bactria](https://www.worldhistory.org/Bactria/).

## Links Externos

- [List of Rulers of the Ancient Greek World | Lists of Rulers | Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History | The Metropolitan Museum of Art](https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/gkru/hd_gkru.htm)

## Cite Este Artigo

### APA
Crabben, J. v. d. (2022, February 24). Báctria. (J. Tenfen, Tradutor). *World History Encyclopedia*. <https://www.worldhistory.org/trans/pt/1-291/bactria/>
### Chicago
Crabben, Jan van der. "Báctria." Traduzido por Jonas Tenfen. *World History Encyclopedia*, February 24, 2022. <https://www.worldhistory.org/trans/pt/1-291/bactria/>.
### MLA
Crabben, Jan van der. "Báctria." Traduzido por Jonas Tenfen. *World History Encyclopedia*, 24 Feb 2022, <https://www.worldhistory.org/trans/pt/1-291/bactria/>.

## Licença & Direitos de Autor

Enviado por [Jonas Tenfen](https://www.worldhistory.org/user/jonastenfen/ "User Page: Jonas Tenfen"), publicado em 24 February 2022. Consulte a(s) fonte(s) original(ais) para informações sobre direitos de autor. Note que os conteúdos com ligação a partir desta página podem ter termos de licenciamento diferentes.