---
title: Levant
author: Jan van der Crabben
translator: Amir Zayyanid
source: https://www.worldhistory.org/trans/ms/1-178/levant/
format: machine-readable-alternate
license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/)
updated: 2020-11-11
---

# Levant

Ditulis oleh [Jan van der Crabben](https://www.worldhistory.org/user/jvdc/)_
Diterjemahkan oleh [Amir Zayyanid](https://www.worldhistory.org/user/amirzayyanid)_

Levant adalah nama yang digunakan secara meluas bagi merujuk wilayah-wilayah pesisir pantai di [Asia Kecil](https://www.worldhistory.org/trans/ms/1-228/asia-kecil/) dan Phoenicia (Turki, Syria, dan Lebanon moden) yang menghadap ke arah Mediterranean timur. Dalam nuansa yang lebih luas, istilah ini boleh digunakan untuk merangkumi seluruh kawasan pesisir pantai dari Greece hingga ke Mesir. Levant adalah sebahagian daripada Hilal Subur dan merupakan tempat terbangunnya banyak pusat perdagangan di Mediterranean purba, seperti Ugarit, Tyre, dan Sidon. Di rantau ini jugalah lahirnya tamadun Phoenicia.

#### Editorial Review

This human-authored definition has been reviewed by our editorial team before publication to ensure accuracy, reliability and adherence to academic standards in accordance with our [editorial policy](https://www.worldhistory.org/static/editorial-policy/).

## Darihal Penulis

Jan is the Founder & Chairman of World History Encyclopedia and is the organisation's Director of Design & Technology. He holds an MA War Studies from King's College, and he has worked in the field of history-related digital media since 2006.
- [Linkedin Profile](https://www.linkedin.com/in/janvdc)

## Garis masa

- **c. 6000 BCE**: First fortified settlement at [Ugarit](https://www.worldhistory.org/ugarit/).
- **c. 4000 BCE**: Founding of the [city](https://www.worldhistory.org/city/) of [Sidon](https://www.worldhistory.org/sidon/).
- **c. 4000 BCE - c. 3000 BCE**: [Trade](https://www.worldhistory.org/disambiguation/trade/) contact between [Byblos](https://www.worldhistory.org/Byblos/) and [Egypt](https://www.worldhistory.org/egypt/).
- **c. 2900 BCE - c. 2300 BCE**: First settlement of [Baalbek](https://www.worldhistory.org/Baalbek/).
- **c. 2750 BCE**: The [city](https://www.worldhistory.org/city/) of [Tyre](https://www.worldhistory.org/Tyre/) is founded.
- **c. 1458 BCE**: [Kadesh](https://www.worldhistory.org/Kadesh/) and Megiddo lead a Canaanite alliance against the [Egyptian](https://www.worldhistory.org/disambiguation/Egyptian/) invasion by [Thutmose III](https://www.worldhistory.org/Thutmose_III/).
- **1274 BCE**: [Battle](https://www.worldhistory.org/disambiguation/battle/) of [Kadesh](https://www.worldhistory.org/Kadesh/) between [Pharaoh](https://www.worldhistory.org/pharaoh/) [Ramesses II](https://www.worldhistory.org/Ramesses_II/) of [Egypt](https://www.worldhistory.org/egypt/) and King Muwatalli II of the [Hittites](https://www.worldhistory.org/hittite/).
- **c. 1250 BCE - c. 1200 BCE**: Hebrew tribes settle [Canaan](https://www.worldhistory.org/canaan/).
- **c. 1200 BCE**: [Sea Peoples](https://www.worldhistory.org/Sea_Peoples/) invade the [Levant](https://www.worldhistory.org/levant/).
- **1115 BCE - 1076 BCE**: Reign of [Tiglath-Pileser I](https://www.worldhistory.org/Tiglath_Pileser_I/) of [Assyria](https://www.worldhistory.org/assyria/) who conquers [Phoenicia](https://www.worldhistory.org/phoenicia/) and revitalizes the [empire](https://www.worldhistory.org/empire/).
- **c. 1080 BCE**: Rise of the [kingdom of Israel](https://www.worldhistory.org/Kingdom_of_Israel/).
- **c. 1000 BCE**: Height of [Tyre](https://www.worldhistory.org/Tyre/)'s power.
- **c. 965 BCE - 931 BCE**: [Solomon](https://www.worldhistory.org/solomon/) is king of [Israel](https://www.worldhistory.org/disambiguation/Israel/).
- **950 BCE**: [Solomon](https://www.worldhistory.org/solomon/) builds the first [Temple](https://www.worldhistory.org/temple/) of [Jerusalem](https://www.worldhistory.org/jerusalem/).
- **722 BCE**: [Israel](https://www.worldhistory.org/disambiguation/Israel/) is conquered by [Assyria](https://www.worldhistory.org/assyria/).
- **351 BCE**: Artaxerxes III sacks [Sidon](https://www.worldhistory.org/sidon/).
- **332 BCE**: [Alexander the Great](https://www.worldhistory.org/Alexander_the_Great/) sacks [Sidon](https://www.worldhistory.org/sidon/).
- **332 BCE**: [Alexander the Great](https://www.worldhistory.org/Alexander_the_Great/) sacks [Baalbek](https://www.worldhistory.org/Baalbek/) and renames it Heliopolis.
- **332 BCE**: [Conquest](https://www.worldhistory.org/warfare/) of the [Levant](https://www.worldhistory.org/levant/) by [Alexander the Great](https://www.worldhistory.org/Alexander_the_Great/) who destroys [Tyre](https://www.worldhistory.org/Tyre/).
- **Jan 332 BCE - Jul 332 BCE**: [Alexander the Great](https://www.worldhistory.org/Alexander_the_Great/) besieges and conquers [Tyre](https://www.worldhistory.org/Tyre/).
- **64 BCE**: [Tyre](https://www.worldhistory.org/Tyre/) becomes a [Roman](https://www.worldhistory.org/disambiguation/Roman/) colony.
- **c. 6 BCE - c. 30 CE**: Life of [Jesus Christ](https://www.worldhistory.org/Jesus_Christ/).
- **637 CE**: Muslim invasion of the [Levant](https://www.worldhistory.org/levant/). The Byzantines are driven out.

## Pautan Luaran

- [The Levantine Ceramics Project](http://www.levantineceramics.org/)

## Petik Karya Ini

### APA
Crabben, J. v. d. (2020, November 11). Levant. (A. Zayyanid, Penerjemah). *World History Encyclopedia*. <https://www.worldhistory.org/trans/ms/1-178/levant/>
### Chicago
Crabben, Jan van der. "Levant." Diterjemahkan oleh Amir Zayyanid. *World History Encyclopedia*, November 11, 2020. <https://www.worldhistory.org/trans/ms/1-178/levant/>.
### MLA
Crabben, Jan van der. "Levant." Diterjemahkan oleh Amir Zayyanid. *World History Encyclopedia*, 11 Nov 2020, <https://www.worldhistory.org/trans/ms/1-178/levant/>.

## Lesen &amp; Hak Cipta

Dihantar oleh [Amir Zayyanid](https://www.worldhistory.org/user/amirzayyanid/ "User Page: Amir Zayyanid"), disiarkan pada 11 November 2020. Sila semak sumber asal untuk maklumat hak cipta. Sila ambil perhatian bahawa kandungan yang dipautkan dari halaman ini mungkin mempunyai terma lesen yang berbeza.