---
title: Fresco of Bird and Dangling Grotesque Mask, Columbarium Vigna Codini 3
author: Francesca Santoro L'hoir
source: https://www.worldhistory.org/image/3155/fresco-of-bird-and-dangling-grotesque-mask-columba/
format: machine-readable-alternate
license: Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0)
updated: 1970-01-01
---

# Fresco of Bird and Dangling Grotesque Mask, Columbarium Vigna Codini 3

_Authored by [Francesca Santoro L'hoir](https://www.worldhistory.org/user/Phyllida/)_

## Image File

[![Fresco of Bird and Dangling Grotesque Mask, Columbarium Vigna Codini 3](https://www.worldhistory.org/uploads/images/3155.jpg)](https://www.worldhistory.org/uploads/images/3155.jpg)

## Image Caption

High up on the [wall](https://www.worldhistory.org/wall/) almost lost in the shadows above a loculus of this columbarium one can just make out the outlines of a bird walking on a flowered garland from which hangs a grotesque mask. The columbarium was excavated in 1852 CE. The epitaphs demonstrate that most of the slaves and freed slaves, who were extremely status conscious, were from the late Julio-Claudian period (during the reigns of [Claudius](https://www.worldhistory.org/claudius/) and [Nero](https://www.worldhistory.org/Nero/)).

#### Editorial Review

This human-authored image has been reviewed by our editorial team before publication to ensure accuracy, reliability and adherence to academic standards in accordance with our [editorial policy](https://www.worldhistory.org/static/editorial-policy/).

## About the Author

I am a former college professor and Fellow of the American Academy in Rome, 1997.
- [X/Twitter Profile](https://twitter.com/@Phyllida1234)

## Cite This Work

### APA
L'hoir, F. S. (2014, October 19). Fresco of Bird and Dangling Grotesque Mask, Columbarium Vigna Codini 3. *World History Encyclopedia*. <https://www.worldhistory.org/image/3155/fresco-of-bird-and-dangling-grotesque-mask-columba/>
### Chicago
L'hoir, Francesca Santoro. "Fresco of Bird and Dangling Grotesque Mask, Columbarium Vigna Codini 3." *World History Encyclopedia*, October 19, 2014. <https://www.worldhistory.org/image/3155/fresco-of-bird-and-dangling-grotesque-mask-columba/>.
### MLA
L'hoir, Francesca Santoro. "Fresco of Bird and Dangling Grotesque Mask, Columbarium Vigna Codini 3." *World History Encyclopedia*, 19 Oct 2014, <https://www.worldhistory.org/image/3155/fresco-of-bird-and-dangling-grotesque-mask-columba/>.

## License & Copyright

Submitted by [Francesca Santoro L'hoir](https://www.worldhistory.org/user/Phyllida/ "User Page: Francesca Santoro L'hoir"), published on 19 October 2014. The copyright holder has published this content under the following license: [Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0deed.en). This license allows for redistribution, commercial and non-commercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged and in whole, with credit to you. When republishing on the web a hyperlink back to the original content source URL must be included. Please note that content linked from this page may have different licensing terms.