--- title: The Kish Tablet: And the Earliest Evidence of Writing author: José-Manuel Benito source: https://www.worldhistory.org/image/21835/the-kish-tablet/ format: machine-readable-alternate updated: 2026-06-18 --- # The Kish Tablet: And the Earliest Evidence of Writing _Authored by José-Manuel Benito_ ## Image File [![The Kish Tablet: And the Earliest Evidence of Writing](https://www.worldhistory.org/uploads/images/21835.png)](https://www.worldhistory.org/uploads/images/21835.png) ## Image Caption The Kish Tablet, illustration by José-Manuel Benito, July 2006. The Kish Tablet, from Tell al-Uhaymir, Iraq, is among the oldest known inscriptions using proto-[cuneiform](https://www.worldhistory.org/cuneiform/) symbols. Before this, [writing](https://www.worldhistory.org/writing/) was limited to numerical marks carved into small clay tokens. As urbanisation advanced in the Late [Uruk](https://www.worldhistory.org/uruk/) Period (c. 3500-2900 BCE), many aspects of [civilisation](https://www.worldhistory.org/civilization/) developed in more organised and systematic ways than ever before. Innovations in [agriculture](https://www.worldhistory.org/disambiguation/Agriculture/), [architecture](https://www.worldhistory.org/disambiguation/architecture/), and industry, together with expanding administration and [trade](https://www.worldhistory.org/disambiguation/trade/), transformed several Mesopotamian settlements into [cities](https://www.worldhistory.org/city/) in the full sense of the word. The shift from basic to more complex administrative and commercial record-keeping is reflected in the addition of pictorial symbols (pictographs) to simple numerical signs in the inscriptions of Uruk III. The earliest group of these proto-cuneiform inscriptions, comprising 3,094 tablets, was retrieved from several sites in modern Iraq, including Jemdet Nasr, Umma, Eshnunna, Larsa, and Kish. The Kish Tablet is considered a later example because it is inscribed on both sides and its text is arranged in divided sections. Although the pictographic symbols on this limestone tablet, including signs for body parts such as the head, hand, and foot, remain undeciphered, they are described as "proto-cuneiform" because they are considered to be forerunners of the later-developed cuneiform writing. ## Cite This Work ### APA Benito, J. (2026, June 18). The Kish Tablet: And the Earliest Evidence of Writing. *World History Encyclopedia*. ### Chicago Benito, José-Manuel. "The Kish Tablet: And the Earliest Evidence of Writing." *World History Encyclopedia*, June 18, 2026. . ### MLA Benito, José-Manuel. "The Kish Tablet: And the Earliest Evidence of Writing." *World History Encyclopedia*, 18 Jun 2026, . ## License & Copyright [![copyright source](/images/partners/wikipedia-small.png)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tableta_con_trillo.png)Based on [Wikipedia](http://www.wikipedia.org/ "Wikipedia") content that has been reviewed, edited, and republished. [Original image](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tableta_con_trillo.png) by [**José-Manuel Benito**](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tableta_con_trillo.png). Submitted by [Nathalie Choubineh](https://www.worldhistory.org/user/nathalie.choubineh/ "User Page: Nathalie Choubineh"), published on 18 June 2026. The copyright holder has published this content under the following license: [Public Domain](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_domain). This item is in the public domain, and can be used, copied, and modified without any restrictions. Please note that content linked from this page may have different licensing terms.