--- title: Map of the Roman Civil War (49 - 45 BCE): Caesar, Pompey, and the Fall of the Republic author: Simeon Netchev source: https://www.worldhistory.org/image/15773/map-of-the-roman-civil-war-49---45-bce/ format: machine-readable-alternate license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) updated: 2025-05-27 --- # Map of the Roman Civil War (49 - 45 BCE): Caesar, Pompey, and the Fall of the Republic _Authored by [Simeon Netchev](https://www.worldhistory.org/user/simeonnetchev/)_ ## Image File [![Map of the Roman Civil War (49 - 45 BCE): Caesar, Pompey, and the Fall of the Republic](https://www.worldhistory.org/uploads/images/15773.png)](https://www.worldhistory.org/uploads/images/15773.png) ## Image Caption This map illustrates the course of the Civil [War](https://www.worldhistory.org/disambiguation/War/) between [Julius Caesar](https://www.worldhistory.org/Julius_Caesar/) and [Pompey](https://www.worldhistory.org/pompey/) (49–45 BCE), a defining moment in [Roman](https://www.worldhistory.org/disambiguation/Roman/) history that marked the collapse of the Republic and the emergence of autocratic rule. Triggered by [Caesar](https://www.worldhistory.org/disambiguation/caesar/)’s defiance of the Senate, the conflict spread across the [Mediterranean](https://www.worldhistory.org/disambiguation/mediterranean/) world in a brutal struggle for power. What began as a constitutional crisis rapidly escalated into full-scale war, engulfing [Italy](https://www.worldhistory.org/italy/), [Greece](https://www.worldhistory.org/greece/), [Egypt](https://www.worldhistory.org/egypt/), North [Africa](https://www.worldhistory.org/disambiguation/africa/), and Spain. Caesar, claiming to defend his rights and dignity, clashed with Pompey and the senatorial elite. Beneath the military campaigns lay deeper tensions—personal rivalries, institutional decay, and the failure of political compromise. The war ended with Caesar’s decisive victory at Munda in 45 BCE, but his [triumph](https://www.worldhistory.org/Roman_Triumph/) was short-lived. Within a year, he was assassinated by senators seeking to restore the Republic—an act that only hastened its end and cleared the path for the rise of [Augustus](https://www.worldhistory.org/augustus/) and the [Roman Empire](https://www.worldhistory.org/Roman_Empire/). #### Editorial Review This human-authored image has been reviewed by our editorial team before publication to ensure accuracy, reliability and adherence to academic standards in accordance with our [editorial policy](https://www.worldhistory.org/static/editorial-policy/). ## About the Author Simeon is a freelance visual designer and history educator, passionate about the human stories that shape the past. - [Linkedin Profile](https://www.linkedin.com/in/simeon-netchev/) ## Cite This Work ### APA Netchev, S. (2022, May 06). Map of the Roman Civil War (49 - 45 BCE): Caesar, Pompey, and the Fall of the Republic. *World History Encyclopedia*. ### Chicago Netchev, Simeon. "Map of the Roman Civil War (49 - 45 BCE): Caesar, Pompey, and the Fall of the Republic." *World History Encyclopedia*, May 06, 2022. . ### MLA Netchev, Simeon. "Map of the Roman Civil War (49 - 45 BCE): Caesar, Pompey, and the Fall of the Republic." *World History Encyclopedia*, 06 May 2022, . ## License & Copyright Submitted by [Simeon Netchev](https://www.worldhistory.org/user/simeonnetchev/ "User Page: Simeon Netchev"), published on 06 May 2022. The copyright holder has published this content under the following license: [Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0deed.en). This licence only allows others to download this content and share it with others as long as the author is credited, but they can't change the content in any way or use it commercially. When republishing on the web a hyperlink back to the original content source URL must be included. Please note that content linked from this page may have different licensing terms.