---
title: List of Five Pharaohs of the Egyptian Old Kingdom
author: Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin
source: https://www.worldhistory.org/image/11216/list-of-five-pharaohs-of-the-egyptian-old-kingdom/
format: machine-readable-alternate
updated: 1970-01-01
---

# List of Five Pharaohs of the Egyptian Old Kingdom

_Authored by [Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin](https://www.worldhistory.org/user/OsamaSMAmin/)_

## Image File

[![List of Five Pharaohs of the Egyptian Old Kingdom](https://www.worldhistory.org/uploads/images/11216.jpg)](https://www.worldhistory.org/uploads/images/11216.jpg)

## Image Caption

This limestone fragment came from a [New Kingdom](https://www.worldhistory.org/disambiguation/New_Kingdom/) [tomb](https://www.worldhistory.org/tomb/) at Abusir/Saqqara, [Egypt](https://www.worldhistory.org/egypt/). The relief depicts five enthroned pharaohs, looking to the left. In front of the face of every one of them, a cartouche is inscribed. Only the cartouche at the middle somewhat has survived and can be read as Menkaura (Menkaure). New Kingdom, 19th Dynasty, 1292-1186 BCE. On display at the Neues Museum in Berlin, Germany.

#### Editorial Review

This human-authored image has been reviewed by our editorial team before publication to ensure accuracy, reliability and adherence to academic standards in accordance with our [editorial policy](https://www.worldhistory.org/static/editorial-policy/).

## About the Author

Associate Professor of Neurology and lover of the Cradle of Civilization, Mesopotamia. I'm very interested in Mesopotamian history and always try to take photos of archaeological sites and artifacts in museums, both in Iraq and around the world.
- [Facebook Profile](https://www.facebook.com/MRCPian)
- [Linkedin Profile](https://www.linkedin.com/in/osama-shukir-muhammed-amin/)

## Cite This Work

### APA
Amin, O. S. M. (2019, September 18). List of Five Pharaohs of the Egyptian Old Kingdom. *World History Encyclopedia*. <https://www.worldhistory.org/image/11216/list-of-five-pharaohs-of-the-egyptian-old-kingdom/>
### Chicago
Amin, Osama Shukir Muhammed. "List of Five Pharaohs of the Egyptian Old Kingdom." *World History Encyclopedia*, September 18, 2019. <https://www.worldhistory.org/image/11216/list-of-five-pharaohs-of-the-egyptian-old-kingdom/>.
### MLA
Amin, Osama Shukir Muhammed. "List of Five Pharaohs of the Egyptian Old Kingdom." *World History Encyclopedia*, 18 Sep 2019, <https://www.worldhistory.org/image/11216/list-of-five-pharaohs-of-the-egyptian-old-kingdom/>.

## License & Copyright

Submitted by [Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin](https://www.worldhistory.org/user/OsamaSMAmin/ "User Page: Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin"), published on 18 September 2019. The copyright holder has published this content under the following license: [Copyright](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyright). You cannot use, copy, distribute, or modify this item without explicit permission from the author. Please note that content linked from this page may have different licensing terms.