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Time, Typology, and Point Traditions in North Carolina Archaeology: Formative Cultures Reconsidered (Archaeology of the American South: New Directions and Perspectives) First Edition, First

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A reconsideration of the seminal projectile point typology
 
In the 1964 landmark publication The Formative Cultures of the Carolina Piedmont, Joffre Coe established a projectile point typology and chronology that, for the first time, allowed archaeologists to identify the relative age of a site or site deposit based on the point types recovered there. Consistent with the cultural-historical paradigm of the day, the “Coe axiom” stipulated that only one point type was produced at one moment in time in a particular location. Moreover, Coe identified periods of “cultural continuity” and “discontinuity” in the chronology based on perceived similarities and differences in point styles through time.
 
In Time, Typology, and Point Traditions in North Carolina Archaeology: Formative Cultures Reconsidered, I. Randolph Daniel Jr. reevaluates the Coe typology and sequence, analyzing their strengths and weaknesses. Daniel reviews the history of the projectile point type concept in the Southeast and revisits both Coe’s axiom and his notions regarding cultural continuity and change based on point types. In addition, Daniel updates Coe’s typology by clarifying or revising existing types and including types unrecognized in Coe’s monograph. Daniel also adopts a practice-centered approach to interpreting types and organizes them into several technological traditions that trace ancestral-descendent communities of practice that relate to our current understanding of North Carolina prehistory.
 
Appealing to professional and avocational archaeologists, Daniel provides ample illustrations of points in the book as well as color versions on a dedicated website. Daniel dedicates a final chapter to a discussion of the ethical issues related to professional archaeologists using private artifact collections. He calls for greater collaboration between professional and avocational communities, noting the scientific value of some private collections.
 
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  1. ISBN-10
    0817320865
  2. ISBN-13
    978-0817320867
  3. Edition
    First Edition, First
  4. Publisher
    University Alabama Press
  5. Publication date
    March 2, 2021
  6. Part of series
    Archaeology of the American South: New Directions and Perspectives
  7. Language
    English
  8. Dimensions
    7 x 0.9 x 10 inches
  9. Print length
    232 pages
  10. See all details
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Editorial Reviews

Review

“Daniel deftly covers a variety of topics, including theory and collector-professional relationships, augmenting the discussion of stone-tool types and culture history, that make this work significantly more than a picture book for comparative purposes.”
—Philip J. Carr, coeditor of Contemporary Lithic Analysis in the Southeast: Problems, Solutions, and Interpretations
 
“Daniel’s volume is in the right place at the right time. In the last decade there has been an increased interest on the part of the archaeological community in reaching out to like-minded individuals in the public who have an active interest in the collection of archaeological artifacts. This rapprochement between professional practitioners and avocationals is long overdue. Daniel’s volume targets this intersectional position, and argues that both sides can jointly contribute more to our understanding of the past than either group can do on their own.”
—Thomas E. Emerson, author of Cahokia and the Archaeology of Power and coauthor of Projectile Points and the Illinois Landscape: People, Time, and Place

“Time, Typology, and Point Traditions in North Carolina Archaeology is a valuable case study of an important aspect of the archaeological record. Amateurs and professionals alike will greatly benefit from it.”
—American Archaeology
 

“True to the title of this book, Randy Daniel provides a thorough review of the issues of typology, dating, and the place of traditions in North Carolina projectile point studies.  Building on the foundational work of Joffre Coe’s Formative Cultures, the author affirms, refines, and adds new types. With this volume Daniel seeks to engage two mutually interested communities, the professional archaeologist and the avocational-collector. He does an admirable job of meeting the needs of both. Because of his successful effort here, I expect an increase in archaeological knowledge and preservation to be forthcoming in North Carolina archaeology.”
—Albert C. Goodyear III, coeditor of Early Human Life on the Southeastern Coastal Plain
 
“In Time, Typology, and Point Traditions in North Carolina Archaeology, Daniel provides a comprehensive, critical reassessment of the foundational projectile point sequence developed by Joffre Coe at the Hardaway and Doerschuk sites in central North Carolina and relied upon as a typological tool by Southeastern archaeologists for more than half a century. Daniel addresses the gaps and other weaknesses in the sequence that have become apparent since it was first introduced and proposes a revised framework that incorporates more recent data as well as new theoretical perspectives. Because of the continued importance of projectile point typologies to North American archaeology, I predict Daniel’s book will be broadly welcomed as an essential reference work by professional and avocational archaeologists alike.”
—R. P. Stephen Davis, Jr., coauthor of Time Before History: The Archaeology of North Carolina
 

“In Time, Typology, and Point Traditions in North Carolina Archaeology, Daniel tackles three issues: clarification of well-known point types and creation of much-needed types; an evaluation of the validity of commonly used point types since Coe 1964; and a new look at the overall cultural-historical point sequence around the questions of traditions of cultural change and continuity within a framework of communities of practice. Daniel’s inclusion of a discussion of lithic raw material use is most welcome. The result of this massive undertaking is not only timely and useful, but it will undoubtedly recharge lithic studies but also more mature considerations of Archaic and Woodland technologies in North Carolina and beyond.”
—Larry R. Kimball, professor of anthropology, Appalachian State University

“What sets this book apart from others about hafted biface typology in the US Southeast is that Daniel goes well beyond the identification of the different hafted biface types by placing the various types in sequence, and he provides a better understanding the culture-history of North Carolina. I find this to be an interesting book and a handy reference. Daniel focuses principally here on hafted bifaces from North Carolina, but there is much in the book that will be of interest to archaeologists in other areas of the United States and to specialists in the study of chipped stone tools.”
—American Antiquity

 

About the Author

I. Randolph Daniel Jr. is professor and chair of anthropology at East Carolina University. A noted expert on Native American stone tools, he is author of Hardaway Revisited: Early Archaic Settlement in the Southeast.
 

Product details

  • Publisher ‏ : ‎ University Alabama Press; First Edition, First (March 2, 2021)
  • Language ‏ : ‎ English
  • Hardcover ‏ : ‎ 232 pages
  • ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 0817320865
  • ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0817320867
  • Item Weight ‏ : ‎ 1.38 pounds
  • Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 7 x 0.9 x 10 inches
  • Customer Reviews:
    4.9 4.9 out of 5 stars 18 ratings

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4.9 out of 5 stars
4.9 out of 5
18 global ratings

Top reviews from the United States

Major Dad
5.0 out of 5 stars The point is...
Reviewed in the United States on March 8, 2021
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Sixty years ago southeastern US Native American projectile point typology was minimal. Lacking good stratigraphy or association with datable objects, classification by shape was the only option; and the shape categories in use were so inclusive as to be nearly meaningless. In 1964, archaeologist Joffre Coe published "Formative Cultures" based on his work at 3 sites in the Uwharrie Mountains and one site along the Roanoke River. Each of those sites offered relatively clear and undisturbed stratigraphy (rare in NC), allowing a usable point sequence to be determined. In the years following, while there was ongoing discussion and some disagreement, Coe's sequence was widely accepted and became the mainstay for much of the southeast.

Of course, with time, archaeological knowledge increased as new finds were made and new conclusions were drawn. Coe's work, while still foundational, has been reassessed, updated, and sometimes modified by others. Doctor Daniel's new work is the latest and the most authoritative of the process. Relying on many years of field experience plus hands-on study of NC lithics including Coe's original collections and records along with the huge artifact assemblies at the Research Laboratories of Archaeology, Daniel proposes an updated typology as well as modification and refinement of the temporal sequence. Several new types are introduced and several older types are combined or recommended for elimination. This is all supported by some excellent photographs, with online, publicly available, high resolution copies available to view. Chapter 5, which provides the rationale behind Daniel's suggestions and conclusions is, alone, worth the price of the book.

This is an academic publication in all respects and not to be taken lightly, however, it contains up to the minute thinking on the subject in a well-written form by an acknowledged expert on the subject.
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Edwin Bliss Struve MD
5.0 out of 5 stars This is a materful update of Joffre Coe's 1964 Formative Cultures of the Carolina Piedmont
Reviewed in the United States on August 27, 2021
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All serious students of North Carolina archaeology, both professional and avocational, have studied Joffre
Coe's seminal 1964 Formative Cultures of the Carolina Piedmont. While Coe's synthesis was brilliant, and his projectile point sequence had stood the test of time, archaeologists have learned a great deal during the past 56. Randy Daniel, a professor of archaeology at East Carolina State, has done a wonderful job of summarizing the recent advances in North Carolina projectile point typology. Given the impact of Coe's work on archaeology throughout the eastern United States, all archaeologists in the eastern United States need to read Daniel's well-written and illustrated synthesis.
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Myriam D.
5.0 out of 5 stars Awesome book
Reviewed in the United States on January 17, 2022
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I enjoyed this book so much and learned so much from it, that I couldn't wait to read it a 2nd time. If you're interested in the NC point traditions at al, buy this book. It helped me identify a few points in my collection that I was previously unsure of.
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