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580 BCE
570 BCE
560 BCE
550 BCE
540 BCE
530 BCE
520 BCE
510 BCE
500 BCE
571 BCE - 497 BCE: Life of Pythagoras of Samos; claim that "number" is the First Cause of existence and the soul is immortal.
530 BCE: Pythagoras founds a school of mathematics in the city of Croton (southern Italy).