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2000 BCE: Pepper is widely used in Indian cooking.
400 BCE: Pepper is known in Greece.
30 BCE: Pepper is directly imported by Roman ships from India and its price decreases.
100 CE - 300 CE: Pepper becomes a major ingredient in Roman cooking.
408 CE: Alaric I the Visigoth besieges Rome. As ransom, Rome pays 5,000 pounds of gold, 30,000 pounds of silver, 4,000 silken tunics, 3,000 hides dyed scarlet, and 3,000 pounds of pepper.