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Nero: The End of a Dynasty (Roman Imperial Biographies) 1st Edition
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Nero's personality and crimes have always intrigued historians and writers of fiction. However, his reign also illuminates the nature of the Julio-Claudian Principate. Nero's suicide brought to an end the dynasty Augustus had founded, and placed in jeopardy the political system he had devised.
Miriam T. Griffin's authoratitive survey of Nero's reign incorporates both a chronological account, as well as an analysis of the reasons for Nero's collapse under the pressure of his role as emperor.
- ISBN-100415214645
- ISBN-13978-0415214643
- Edition1st
- Publication dateOctober 9, 1987
- LanguageEnglish
- Dimensions8.5 x 0.75 x 11 inches
- Print length332 pages
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'Nero is likely to find a wide readership, and deservedly so, since the author has taken care to make her exposition accessible to the layman.' - A. Wallace-Hadrill, Times Literary Supplement
'an important book based upon a complete mastery of the material.' - Joint Association of Classical Teachers Review
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- Publisher : Routledge; 1st edition (October 9, 1987)
- Language : English
- Paperback : 332 pages
- ISBN-10 : 0415214645
- ISBN-13 : 978-0415214643
- Item Weight : 1.21 pounds
- Dimensions : 8.5 x 0.75 x 11 inches
- Best Sellers Rank: #2,059,671 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
- #376 in Historical Italy Biographies
- #725 in Ancient Rome Biographies
- #87,157 in Unknown
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Tacitus had an obvious motive for painting Nero in the worst possible light. Suetonius is a hack, and anyone who relies on him for evidence, a fool. Cassius Dio wrote centuries later, and is of dicey reliability at best. These are our sources!
So, yeah, shiver in secret delight at this monster's evil deeds, but don't forget, half of them were probably made up, and the other half, while ill-advised (such as ordering his best general Corbulo to commit suicide) have a twisted logic to them that the events of the Year of Four Emperors makes only too clear.
An excellent study of a difficult Emperor in a difficult position, well-organized and reasonable, even though it too subscribes to the general myth that Nero was Satan incarnate. (Or at least, his understudy.)
This leads the author to examine to what extent and why his reign has been seen as so disastrous. She also examines whether he really deserves to be seen as the monster that he shown to be. Finally, she looks beyond the conventional picture of Nero that Roman authors have given us to explain why Nero fell. While Griffin clearly does not withwash Nero in any away, she does show that the first years of his reign were seen, even at the time, as something of a golden age. The horrific portraits of Nero, his paranoïa verging on madness and all of his other excesses, would only appear and increase over time, as difficulties increased, as Nero got rid of his best counsellors and advisors, and as he increasingly became unable to cope in his role of Princeps and rule the Empire.
This is in fact the core of Miriam Griffin's thesis: ultimately, Nero was an utter failure as Princeps, for numerous reasons (including his failures to portray himself as a successful military leader and his attitude towards potential competitors in this area, whether real or presumed) which are carefully analyzed and explained in her book. To quote her, "he never achieved a satisfactory and consistent image as Princeps". This might have been behond the scope of his abilities, as she suggests, and it would have been extremely difficult for anyone to achieve. However, this is was not what the Roman authors would concentrate on, nor what they would want to mention, if only because it implied showing how flawed and how fragile the Princeps and the institutions created by Augustus happened to be: neither the Republic of old, which was in fact an oligarchy, nor a pure monarchy, which the Romans traditionnally hated, but something in between. There was also a considerable flaw: there were no established rules for the succession, only a precedent of choosing him within the Julio-Claudian dynasty of which Nero was the last survivor, having eliminated the competititon early on and having no heir of his own. As years passed, the problem of succession, along other problems that Nero was unable to tackle, kept growing, until he fell.
A superb piece of careful and well-researched scholarship that is well-worth five stars.
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Nero's downfall, his fate as the last of the Julio-Claudian Princeps, the fact that a new regime justified its own ascendancy as the rightful triumph over his evil, his treatment of the Jews and the Christians; all these contributed to ancient sources being fairly unanimous in their hatred and condemnation of Nero. Any favourable sources from during his lifetime would likely have been quashed or concealed. So to write dispassionately about Nero means to take extant sources, including coinage, inscriptions, and written sources, and to try to resurrect them in the context of his own lifetime. A difficult task, by anybody's standards. Can we be sure that Agrippina hastened Claudius' end? Did Britannicus really die of an epileptic fit at a convenient moment, or did Nero kill him to remove the threat of Agrippina's support for Britannicus? Even the question of Nero's actual involvement in direct rule (certainly during the lifetimes of Burrus, Seneca and Agrippina) remains open to discussion and interpretation. So many questions; so few definitive answers. So, as any responsible author would, Ms Griffin has used the sources (in this case, primarily Suetonius, Tacitus and Cassius Dio) and interpreted them in the way that appears to offer the most likely scenario, keeping in mind the overarching inquiry regarding the relationship between Nero, his rule, and his character, and the Principate itself.
This is in no way an easy book to read, but it is hugely rewarding. A certain amount of fore-knowledge about the Principate, about Nero and his rule, about Roman legalities and procedures is required to make sense of what is largely a book which consists of analysis of actions and sources in order to judge the overarching questions noted above. While the reader may not end up agreeing with all of the author's views, there is certainly no denying her right or ability to come to the conclusions that she has. It's all grist to the mill, adding to the understanding of the reader of the Roman Principate in general, and Nero in particular. Totally recommended for a reader who already comes armed with some previous knowledge on the era.